University of Twente
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are among the earliest signs of metastasis or cancer spread in the body [1]. Thus, their detection can help catch metastasis early and treat it early. However, due to their rarity, and light and sound absorption by the skin, CTCs are difficult to detect in vivo.
Now, could CTCs be detected in the superficial mucus tissue in the mouth? In the shallow depth of the lower lip, both ultrasound and optical imaging can be used to image cells inside venules (small vessels) [2], [3], making the lower lip a perfect candidate for photoacoustic imaging (PAI) of CTCs. We aim to make a simplified in-vitro model of the lower lip and image flowing melanoma CTCs inside it using PAI.
A similar situation exists in the colorectum tissue, on a different scale: from cells to small tumors. We are working with the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI) in Amsterdam to detect colorectal tumors. As a response to therapy, many times, a colorectal tumor fragments into pieces [4]. Again, the mucus tissue in the colorectum allows us to monitor these tumor fragments using PAI [5].
Therefore, the core idea of this project is to develop and test a photoacoustic microscope (PAM) for (1) the detection of melanoma CTCs in an in-vitro flow setup, resembling the human’s lower lip, and (2) the detection of tumor and tumor fragments in ex-vivo colorectum tissue.
Key tasks
You will have access to equipment, devices, and samples to assemble the PAM and carry out the measurements. This project is in collaboration with the Netherlands Cancer Institute, and the AMBER group and the AST group at University of Twente. Besides access to medical and cell-research facilities, working with these institutes will expand your collaborative and scientific network.
References
[1] Dasgupta, Arko, Andrea R. Lim, and Cyrus M. Ghajar. “Circulating and disseminated tumor cells: harbingers or initiators of metastasis?.” Molecular oncology 11.1 (2017): 40-61.
[2] Winer, Matan M., et al. “In vivo noninvasive microscopy of human leucocytes.” Scientific Reports 7.1 (2017): 13031.
[3] Ghanbarzadeh-Dagheyan, Ashkan, et al. “Time-domain ultrasound as prior information for frequency-domain compressive ultrasound for intravascular cell detection: A 2-cell numerical model.” Ultrasonics 125 (2022): 106791.
[4] Ghanbarzadeh-Daghyean, Ashkan, et al. “Application of a Photoacoustic Sensor for Colon Cancer Imaging: A Case Report.” 2023 IEEE SENSORS. IEEE, 2023.
[5] Nagtegaal, I. D. & Glynne-Jones, R. How to measure tumour response in rectal cancer? An explanation of discrepancies and suggestions for improvement. Cancer Treat. Rev. 84, 101964 (2020).
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